RG108 (N-Phthalyl-L-tryptophan) 是一种非核苷的 DNA 甲基转移酶 (DNMTs) 抑制剂 (IC50=115 nM),RG108 (N-Phthalyl-L-tryptophan) 阻断 DNA 甲基转移酶的活性位点。RG108 (N-Phthalyl-L-tryptophan) 引起抑癌基因的去甲基化和再激活,但不影响着丝粒卫星序列的甲基化。
RG108 Chemical Structure
CAS No. : 48208-26-0
规格
价格
是否有货
数量
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
¥932
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10 mg
¥847
In-stock
50 mg
¥3530
In-stock
100 mg
询价
200 mg
询价
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生物活性
RG108 (N-Phthalyl-L-tryptophan) is a non-nucleoside DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) inhibitor (IC50=115 nM) that blocks the DNMTs active site. RG108 (N-Phthalyl-L-tryptophan) causes demethylation and reactivation of tumor suppressor genes, but it does not affect the methylation of centromeric satellite sequences[1][2][3].
IC50 & Target[1]
CpG methylase M.SssI
115 nM (IC50)
体外研究 (In Vitro)
RG108 effectively blocks DNA methyltransferases in vitro and does not cause covalent enzyme trapping in human cell lines. Incubation of cells with low micromolar concentrations of RG108 results in significant demethylation of genomic DNA without any detectable toxicity. Intriguingly, RG108 causes demethylation and reactivation of tumor suppressor genes, but it does not affect the methylation of centromeric satellite sequences[1]. In another study, the synthesis and in vitro analysis of a biotinylated RG108 conjugate is investigated to evaluate the interactions with DNA methyltransferase enzymes[2]. In a recent study, it is shown RG108 can significantly reduce the DNA methyltransferases activity in SM derived iPS cells as compared to the native SMs[3].
上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
分子量
334.33
Formula
C19H14N2O4
CAS 号
48208-26-0
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Solubility: 1 mg/mL (2.99 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 70°C
*以上所有助溶剂都可在 上海金畔生物科技有限公司 网站选购。
参考文献
[1]. Brueckner B, et al. Epigenetic reactivation of tumor suppressor genes by a novel small-molecule inhibitor of human DNA methyltransferases. Cancer Res. 2005 Jul 15;65(14):6305-11.
[2]. Schirrmacher E, et al. Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of biotinylated RG108: a high affinity compound for studying binding interactions with human DNA methyltransferases. Bioconjug Chem. 2006 Mar-Apr;17(2):261-6.
[3]. Pasha Z, et al. Efficient non-viral reprogramming of myoblasts to stemness with a single small molecule to generate cardiac progenitor cells. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e23667.
Kinase Assay [1]
The substrate DNA for the in vitro methylation assay is a 798 bp fragment (−423/+375 relative to the initiation codon) from the promoter region of the human p16Ink4a gene. The methylation reaction contains 350 to 400 ng substrate DNA and 4 units of M.SssI methylase (0.5 μM) in a final volume of 50 μL. Inhibitors are added to final concentrations of 10, 100, 200, and 500 μM, respectively. Reactions are done at 37°C for 2 hours. After completion, the reaction is inactivated at 65°C for 15 minutes and the DNA is purified using PCR Purification kit. Three hundred nanograms of purified DNA is digested for 3 hours at 60°C with 30 units of BstUI and analyzed on 2% Tris-borate EDTA agarose gels.
上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
参考文献
[1]. Brueckner B, et al. Epigenetic reactivation of tumor suppressor genes by a novel small-molecule inhibitor of human DNA methyltransferases. Cancer Res. 2005 Jul 15;65(14):6305-11.
[2]. Schirrmacher E, et al. Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of biotinylated RG108: a high affinity compound for studying binding interactions with human DNA methyltransferases. Bioconjug Chem. 2006 Mar-Apr;17(2):261-6.
[3]. Pasha Z, et al. Efficient non-viral reprogramming of myoblasts to stemness with a single small molecule to generate cardiac progenitor cells. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e23667.
Indoximod (1-Methyl-D-tryptophan) is an orally active indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) pathway inhibitor. Indoximod acts as a Trp mimetic in regulating mTOR. Indoximod is an immunometabolic adjuvant used for the research of cancer[1][2].
IC50 & Target[1]
IDO
19 μM (Ki)
体外研究 (In Vitro)
The IDO inhibitor 1-methyl-tryptophan exists in two stereoisomers with potentially different biological properties. The L isomer is the more potent inhibitor of IDO activity using the purified enzyme and in HeLa cell–based assays. However, the D isomer is significantly more effective in reversing the suppression of T cells created by IDO-expressing dendritic cells. The L isomer of 1-methyl-tryptophan functioned as a competitive inhibitor (Ki=19 μM), whereas the d isomer is much less effective. The DL mixture is intermediate, with a Ki of 35 μM[1].
上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
体内研究 (In Vivo)
The D isomer is more efficacious as an anticancer agent in chemo-immunotherapy regimens using NSC-26271, NSC 125973, or LY 188011, when tested in mouse models of transplantable melanoma and transplantable and autochthonous breast cancer. The D isomer of 1-methyl-tryptophan specifically targets the IDO gene because the antitumor effect of d-1-methyl-tryptophan is completely lost in mice with a disruption of the IDO gene (IDO-knockout mice). Oral administration of dl-1-methyl-tryptophan in combination with NSC 125973 can elicit regression of autochthonous breast tumors[1].
上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
分子量
218.25
Formula
C12H14N2O2
CAS 号
110117-83-4
中文名称
1-甲基-D-色氨酸
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
储存方式
Powder
-20°C
3 years
4°C
2 years
In solvent
-80°C
6 months
-20°C
1 month
溶解性数据
In Vitro:
H2O : 5 mg/mL (22.91 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 2 with HCl)
DMSO : 0.55 mg/mL (2.52 mM; Need ultrasonic and warming)
[1]. Hou DY, et al. Inhibition of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in dendritic cells by stereoisomers of 1-methyl-tryptophancorrelates with antitumor responses. Cancer Res. 2007 Jan 15;67(2):792-801.
[2]. Metz R, et al. IDO inhibits a tryptophan sufficiency signal that stimulates mTOR: A novel IDO effector pathway targeted by D-1-methyl-tryptophan. Oncoimmunology. 2012;1(9):1460-1468.
Kinase Assay [1]
1MT enantiomers are solubilized in DMSO containing 0.1N HCl and added at concentrations of 100, 50, and 0 µM to wells containing the reaction mixture with tryptophan (0-200 µM) followed by addition of IDO enzyme. Plates are sealed and incubated 1 hr in a humidified 37°C incubator, after which the reactions are terminated by addition of 12.5 µl 30% TCA per well. Plates are then resealed in plastic wrap, incubated 30 min at 50°C to hydrolyze the reaction product N-formylkynurenine to kynurenine, and centrifuged. Supernatants are transferred to a flat-bottom 96-well plate, mixed with 100 µl Ehrlich reagent and incubated 10 min at room temperature. Absorbance at 490 nm is read[1].
上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
参考文献
[1]. Hou DY, et al. Inhibition of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in dendritic cells by stereoisomers of 1-methyl-tryptophancorrelates with antitumor responses. Cancer Res. 2007 Jan 15;67(2):792-801.
[2]. Metz R, et al. IDO inhibits a tryptophan sufficiency signal that stimulates mTOR: A novel IDO effector pathway targeted by D-1-methyl-tryptophan. Oncoimmunology. 2012;1(9):1460-1468.
(S)-Indoximod (1-Methyl-L-tryptophan) is an inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). (S)-Indoximod can be used for the research of cancer[1][2].
IC50 & Target
Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)[1]
分子量
218.25
Formula
C12H14N2O2
CAS 号
21339-55-9
中文名称
相思豆碱
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
[1]. Huang GL, et, al. PEG-Poly(1-Methyl-l-Tryptophan)-Based Polymeric Micelles as Enzymatically Activated Inhibitors of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2019 May 9;9(5):719.
[2]. Liu X, et, al. 1-L-MT, an IDO inhibitor, prevented colitis-associated cancer by inducing CDC20 inhibition-mediated mitotic death of colon cancer cells. Int J Cancer. 2018 Sep 15;143(6):1516-1529.