The peptide acts as a calmodulin agonist, interacts with the calmodulin EF-hand motif, the Ca2+ binding site. CALP-3 activates the phosphodiesterase in the absence of Ca2+ and inhibits cytotoxicity and apoptosis in a Ca2+ mediated manner.
溶解度
分子量
842.09
化学式
C40H75N9O10
存储条件
Store at -20°C. Keep tightly closed. Store in a cool dry place.
注释
Documents
Figures
Reference
.Dillon et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88, 9726 (1991) M.K.Manion et al., FASEB J., 14, 1297 (2000) R.Houtman et al., J. Immunol., 166, 861 (2001) R.Ten Broeke et al., Eur. J. Pharmacol., 476, 151 (2003)
Doxycycline calcium, an antibiotic, is an orally active and broad-spectrum metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor[1]. Doxycycline calcium shows antibacterial activity and anti-cancer cell proliferation activity[1][2][3][4][5].
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Doxycycline calcium (0.01-10 µg/mL, 4 d) affects growth of glioma cells only under high concentrations[2]. Doxycycline calcium (0.01-10 µg/mL, 24 h) decreases MT-CO1 protein content with concentrations of 1 µg/mL and higher in SVG cells[2]. Doxycycline calcium (100 ng/mL, 1 µg/mL; 24 h) reduces proliferation of human cell lines[4]. Doxycycline calcium (0-250 μM, 72 h) inhibits cell viability of breast cancer cells [5].
Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Cell Viability Assay[2]
Cell Line:
LNT-229, G55, and U343 glioma cells
Concentration:
0.01, 0.1, 1 or 10 µg/mL
Incubation Time:
4 days
Result:
Affected growth of glioma cells only under high concentrations.
Cell Viability Assay[2]
Cell Line:
SVG cells
Concentration:
0.01, 0.1, 1 or 10 µg/mL
Incubation Time:
24 hours
Result:
Decreaseed MT-CO1 protein content with concentrations of 1 µg/mL and higher.
Cell Proliferation Assay[4]
Cell Line:
MCF 12A, 293T cells
Concentration:
100 ng/mL, 1 µg/mL
Incubation Time:
96 hours
Result:
Caused reduced proliferation of MCF 12A and 293T cells at 1 µg/mL.
Cell Viability Assay[5]
Cell Line:
MCF-7, MDA-MB-468 cells
Concentration:
0-250 μM
Incubation Time:
72 hours
Result:
Inhibited breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values for MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 of 11.39 μM and 7.13 μM respectively.
体内研究 (In Vivo)
Doxycycline calcium (oral gavage; 200 or 800 mg/kg; once daily; 3 months) reduces MMP-9 activity in untreated HT mice in a dose-dependent manner[3].
Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Oral gavage; 200 or 800 mg/kg; once daily; 3 months
Result:
Reduced MMP-9 activity in a dose-dependent manner.
分子量
524.59
Formula
C22H24Ca2N2O8
CAS 号
94088-85-4
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
储存方式
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
参考文献
[1]. Eusebio Manchado, et al. A combinatorial strategy for treating KRAS-mutant lung cancer. Nature. 2016 Jun 30;534(7609):647-51.
[2]. Anna-Luisa Luger, et al. Doxycycline Impairs Mitochondrial Function and Protects Human Glioma Cells from Hypoxia-Induced Cell Death: Implications of Using Tet-Inducible Systems. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 May 17;19(5):1504.
[3]. Wilfried Briest, et al. Doxycycline ameliorates the susceptibility to aortic lesions in a mouse model for the vascular type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011 Jun;337(3):621-7.
[4]. Ethan Ahler, et al. Doxycycline alters metabolism and proliferation of human cell lines. PLoS One. 2013 May 31;8(5):e64561.
[5]. Le Zhang, et al. Doxycycline inhibits the cancer stem cell phenotype and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer. Cell Cycle. 2017 Apr 18;16(8):737-745.
Levomefolate calcium is an artificial form of folate. IC50 Value: Target: Antifolate The calcium salt of L-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid which belongs to the group of folate vitamins (Vitamin B9, Folacin). It is a coenzymated form of folic acid and a more bioavailable alternative in dietary supplements.
Clinical Trial
分子量
497.52
Formula
C20H23CaN7O6
CAS 号
151533-22-1
中文名称
左旋甲状腺素钙
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
[1]. Fruzzetti F. Beyaz?: an oral contraceptive fortified with folate. Womens Health (Lond Engl). 2012 Jan;8(1):13-9.
[2]. Wiesinger H, Eydeler U, Richard F, et al. Bioequivalence evaluation of a folate-supplemented oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol/drospirenone/levomefolate calcium versus ethinylestradiol/drospirenone and levomefolate calcium alone. Clin Drug Investig. 2012 Oct 1;32(10):673-84.
[3]. Hartmut Blodea, Christine Klippingb, Frank Richardc, et al. Bioequivalence study of an oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol/drospirenone/levomefolate calcium relative to ethinylestradiol/drospirenone and to levomefolate calcium alone. Contraception.2012, 85(2), :177-184
[4]. Rapkin RB, Creinin MD. The combined oral contraceptive pill containing drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol plus levomefolate calcium. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2011 Oct;12(15):2403-10. doi: 10.1517/14656566.2011.610791.
Levomefolate-13C5 calcium is the 13C-labeled Levomefolate (calcium). Levomefolate calcium is an artificial form of folate.
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Stable heavy isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, and other elements have been incorporated into drug molecules, largely as tracers for quantitation during the drug development process. Deuteration has gained attention because of its potential to affect the pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiles of drugs[1].
Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
分子量
497.44
Formula
C1513C5H18CaN7O6
中文名称
左旋甲状腺素钙 13C5 (钙盐)
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
储存方式
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
参考文献
[1]. Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(2):211-216.
[2]. Fruzzetti F. Beyaz?: an oral contraceptive fortified with folate. Womens Health (Lond Engl). 2012 Jan;8(1):13-9.
[3]. Wiesinger H, Eydeler U, Richard F, et al. Bioequivalence evaluation of a folate-supplemented oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol/drospirenone/levomefolate calcium versus ethinylestradiol/drospirenone and levomefolate calcium alone. Clin Drug Investig. 2012 Oct 1;32(10):673-84.
[4]. Hartmut Blodea, Christine Klippingb, Frank Richardc, et al. Bioequivalence study of an oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol/drospirenone/levomefolate calcium relative to ethinylestradiol/drospirenone and to levomefolate calcium alone. Contraception.2012, 85(2), :177-184
[5]. Rapkin RB, Creinin MD. The combined oral contraceptive pill containing drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol plus levomefolate calcium. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2011 Oct;12(15):2403-10. doi: 10.1517/14656566.2011.610791.
Levomefolate-13C5 calcium is the 13C-labeled Levomefolate (calcium). Levomefolate calcium is an artificial form of folate.
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Stable heavy isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, and other elements have been incorporated into drug molecules, largely as tracers for quantitation during the drug development process. Deuteration has gained attention because of its potential to affect the pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiles of drugs[1].
Shanghai Jinpan Biotech Co Ltd has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
分子量
497.44
Formula
C1513C5H18CaN7O6
中文名称
左旋甲状腺素钙 13C5 (钙盐)
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
储存方式
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
参考文献
[1]. Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(2):211-216.
[2]. Fruzzetti F. Beyaz?: an oral contraceptive fortified with folate. Womens Health (Lond Engl). 2012 Jan;8(1):13-9.
[3]. Wiesinger H, Eydeler U, Richard F, et al. Bioequivalence evaluation of a folate-supplemented oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol/drospirenone/levomefolate calcium versus ethinylestradiol/drospirenone and levomefolate calcium alone. Clin Drug Investig. 2012 Oct 1;32(10):673-84.
[4]. Hartmut Blodea, Christine Klippingb, Frank Richardc, et al. Bioequivalence study of an oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol/drospirenone/levomefolate calcium relative to ethinylestradiol/drospirenone and to levomefolate calcium alone. Contraception.2012, 85(2), :177-184
[5]. Rapkin RB, Creinin MD. The combined oral contraceptive pill containing drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol plus levomefolate calcium. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2011 Oct;12(15):2403-10. doi: 10.1517/14656566.2011.610791.
Levomefolate-13C5 calcium is the 13C-labeled Levomefolate (calcium). Levomefolate calcium is an artificial form of folate.
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Stable heavy isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, and other elements have been incorporated into drug molecules, largely as tracers for quantitation during the drug development process. Deuteration has gained attention because of its potential to affect the pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiles of drugs[1].
上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
分子量
497.44
Formula
C1513C5H18CaN7O6
中文名称
左旋甲状腺素钙 13C5 (钙盐)
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
储存方式
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
参考文献
[1]. Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(2):211-216.
[2]. Fruzzetti F. Beyaz?: an oral contraceptive fortified with folate. Womens Health (Lond Engl). 2012 Jan;8(1):13-9.
[3]. Wiesinger H, Eydeler U, Richard F, et al. Bioequivalence evaluation of a folate-supplemented oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol/drospirenone/levomefolate calcium versus ethinylestradiol/drospirenone and levomefolate calcium alone. Clin Drug Investig. 2012 Oct 1;32(10):673-84.
[4]. Hartmut Blodea, Christine Klippingb, Frank Richardc, et al. Bioequivalence study of an oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol/drospirenone/levomefolate calcium relative to ethinylestradiol/drospirenone and to levomefolate calcium alone. Contraception.2012, 85(2), :177-184
[5]. Rapkin RB, Creinin MD. The combined oral contraceptive pill containing drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol plus levomefolate calcium. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2011 Oct;12(15):2403-10. doi: 10.1517/14656566.2011.610791.
Calcium N5-methyltetrahydrofolate Chemical Structure
CAS No. : 26560-38-3
规格
是否有货
100 mg
询价
250 mg
询价
500 mg
询价
* Please select Quantity before adding items.
生物活性
Calcium N5-methyltetrahydrofolate(NSC173328) is the calcium salt of levomefolic acid, which has been proposed for treatment of cardiovascular disease and advanced cancers such as breast and colorectal cancers. IC50 value: Target:
分子量
497.52
Formula
C20H23CaN7O6
CAS 号
26560-38-3
中文名称
N5-甲基四氢叶酸钙
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
储存方式
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
参考文献
[1]. Levomefolic acid. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Calcium N5-methyltetrahydrofolate Chemical Structure
CAS No. : 26560-38-3
规格
是否有货
100 mg
询价
250 mg
询价
500 mg
询价
* Please select Quantity before adding items.
生物活性
Calcium N5-methyltetrahydrofolate(NSC173328) is the calcium salt of levomefolic acid, which has been proposed for treatment of cardiovascular disease and advanced cancers such as breast and colorectal cancers. IC50 value: Target:
分子量
497.52
Formula
C20H23CaN7O6
CAS 号
26560-38-3
中文名称
N5-甲基四氢叶酸钙
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
储存方式
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
参考文献
[1]. Levomefolic acid. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Calcium N5-methyltetrahydrofolate Chemical Structure
CAS No. : 26560-38-3
规格
是否有货
100 mg
询价
250 mg
询价
500 mg
询价
* Please select Quantity before adding items.
生物活性
Calcium N5-methyltetrahydrofolate(NSC173328) is the calcium salt of levomefolic acid, which has been proposed for treatment of cardiovascular disease and advanced cancers such as breast and colorectal cancers. IC50 value: Target:
分子量
497.52
Formula
C20H23CaN7O6
CAS 号
26560-38-3
中文名称
N5-甲基四氢叶酸钙
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
储存方式
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
参考文献
[1]. Levomefolic acid. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Levoleucovorin calcium is the calcium salt of Levoleucovorin, which is the enantiomerically active form of folinic acid. IC50 value: Target: Levoleucovorin is used to treat or prevent toxic effects of methotrexate in people who have received methotrexate to treat bone cancer. Levoleucovorin is also used in combination chemotherapy with fluorouracil (5-FU) to treat colorectal cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. This medicine only treats the symptoms of colorectal cancer and does not treat the cancer itself.
Clinical Trial
分子量
511.50
Formula
C20H21CaN7O7
CAS 号
80433-71-2
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
储存方式
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)
溶解性数据
In Vitro:
H2O : 10 mg/mL (19.55 mM; Need ultrasonic)
DMSO : < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble)
配制储备液
浓度溶剂体积质量
1 mg
5 mg
10 mg
1 mM
1.9550 mL
9.7752 mL
19.5503 mL
5 mM
0.3910 mL
1.9550 mL
3.9101 mL
10 mM
0.1955 mL
0.9775 mL
1.9550 mL
*
请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液;一旦配成溶液,请分装保存,避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。 储备液的保存方式和期限:-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)。-80°C 储存时,请在 6 个月内使用,-20°C 储存时,请在 1 个月内使用。
参考文献
[1]. Levomefolic acid. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Folinic acid calcium salt pentahydrate(Synonyms: Leucovorin calcium salt pentahydrate) 纯度: ≥98.0%
Folinic acid calcium salt pentahydrate (Leucovorin calcium salt pentahydrate) 是一种生物叶酸,通常与甲氨蝶呤 (MTX) 一起作为挽救剂服用,以降低 MTX 诱导的毒性。
Folinic acid calcium salt pentahydrate Chemical Structure
CAS No. : 6035-45-6
规格
价格
是否有货
数量
Free Sample (0.1-0.5 mg)
Apply now
100 mg
¥550
In-stock
500 mg
¥1800
In-stock
1 g
询价
5 g
询价
* Please select Quantity before adding items.
Folinic acid calcium salt pentahydrate 相关产品
•相关化合物库:
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Bioactive Compound Library Plus
Peptidomimetic Library
生物活性
Folinic acid calcium salt pentahydrate (Leucovorin calcium salt pentahydrate) is a biological folic acid and is generally administered along with methotrexate (MTX) as a rescue agent to decrease MTX-induced toxicity[1].
体外研究 (In Vitro)
MTX alone induces a concentration-related increase in % micronucleated binucleated cells (MNBN) and % aberrant cells (Abs). There is a decrease in nuclear division index (NDI) with increase in MTX concentration. Similarly, the mitotic index (MI) also decreases in all concentrations of MTX tested. The addition of Folinic acid at 50 μg/ mL significantly reduces % MNBN (40-68%) and % Abs (36-77%). Inhibition is also seen at 5 μg/ mL Folinic acid (12 to 54% for MNBN and 20 to 61% for Abs) [1].
上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
体内研究 (In Vivo)
Folinic acid (7.0 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; every second day; for 3 weeks; Balb/c young growing male mice) treatment following methotrexate (MTX) administration appears to reverse this growth inhibition (Chronic administration of MTX induces suppression of skeletal growth in mice)[2].
上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Model:
24 Balb/c young growing male mice aged 3 weeks (11.88 ± 0.25 g)[2]
Dosage:
7.0 mg/kg
Administration:
Intraperitoneal injection; every second day; for 3 weeks
Result:
Following methotrexate (MTX) administration appears to reverse this growth inhibition.
Clinical Trial
分子量
601.58
Formula
C20H31CaN7O12
CAS 号
6035-45-6
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Folinic acid calcium (Leucovorin calcium) is a biological folic acid and is generally administered along with methotrexate (MTX) as a rescue agent to decrease MTX-induced toxicity[1].
IC50 & Target
Human Endogenous Metabolite
体外研究 (In Vitro)
MTX alone induces a concentration-related increase in % micronucleated binucleated cells (MNBN) and % aberrant cells (Abs). There is a decrease in nuclear division index (NDI) with increase in MTX concentration. Similarly, the mitotic index (MI) also decreases in all concentrations of MTX tested. The addition of Folinic acid at 50 μg/ mL significantly reduces % MNBN (40-68%) and % Abs (36-77%). Inhibition is also seen at 5 μg/ mL Folinic acid (12 to 54% for MNBN and 20 to 61% for Abs) [1].
上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
体内研究 (In Vivo)
Folinic acid (7.0 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; every second day; for 3 weeks; Balb/c young growing male mice) treatment following methotrexate (MTX) administration appears to reverse this growth inhibition (Chronic administration of MTX induces suppression of skeletal growth in mice)[2].
上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Model:
24 Balb/c young growing male mice aged 3 weeks (11.88 ± 0.25 g)[2]
Dosage:
7.0 mg/kg
Administration:
Intraperitoneal injection; every second day; for 3 weeks
Result:
Following methotrexate (MTX) administration appears to reverse this growth inhibition.
Clinical Trial
分子量
511.50
Formula
C20H21CaN7O7
CAS 号
1492-18-8
中文名称
亚叶酸钙
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Fosfomycin Calcium is the Ca2+ salt preparation of Fosfomycin, a phosphonic acid epoxide antibiotic. Fosfomycin is described to inhibit cell wall synthesis throμgh inhibition of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase, the enzyme responsible for catalysis of the first committed step in peptidoglycan biosynthesis.Broad spectrum antibiotic. Inhibits UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruval transferase to inhibit bacterial wall synthesis. Orally active.
Pitavastatin Calcium (NK-104 hemicalcium) is a potent hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor. Pitavastatin Calcium (NK-104 hemicalcium) inhibits cholesterol synthesis from acetic acid with an IC50 of 5.8 nM in HepG2 cells. Pitavastatin Calcium is an efficient hepatocyte low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) receptor inducer. Anti-cancer activity[1][2][3].
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Pitavastatin Calcium inhibits the growth of a panel of ovarian cancer cells, including those considered most likely to represent HGSOC, grown as a monolayers (IC50 = 0.4-5 μM) or as spheroids (IC50=0.6-4 μM)[3]. Pitavastatin Calcium (1 μM; 48 hours ) induces apoptosis, evidenced by the increased activity of executioner caspases-3,7 as well as caspase-8 and caspase-9 in Ovcar-8 cells and Ovcar-3 cells[3]. Pitavastatin (1 μM, 48 hours) caused PARP cleavage in Ovcar-8 cells[3].
上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
[1]. Mukhtar RY, et al. Pitavastatin. Int J Clin Pract. 2005 Feb;59(2):239-52.
[2]. Kajinami K, et al. Pitavastatin: efficacy and safety profiles of a novel synthetic HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Cardiovasc Drug Rev. 2003 Fall;21(3):199-215.
[3]. de Wolf E, et al.Dietary geranylgeraniol can limit the activity of pitavastatin as a potential treatment for drug-resistant ovarian cancer.Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 14;7(1):5410.
Ionomycin calcium (SQ23377 calcium) is a potent, selective calcium ionophore and an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces conglobatus. Ionomycin calcium (SQ23377 calcium) is highly specific for divalent cations (Ca>Mg>Sr=Ba). Ionomycin (SQ23377) promotes apoptosis. Ionomycin calcium (SQ23377 calcium) also induces the activation of protein kinase C (PKC)[1][2][3].
IC50 & Target
Calcium ionophore[1]
体外研究 (In Vitro)
Ionomycin is a Calcium ionophore and an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces conglobatus[1]. Addition of 2 μM Ionomycin to LCLC 103H cells causes an instantaneous increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration from 50 to 180 nM. DNA and protein analysis in Ionomycin-treated cultures revealed DNA fragmentation and PARP cleavage to an 85-kDa fragment typical of caspase-mediated apoptosis. Necrosis could be detected in ~1-5% of the Ionomycin treated cells. Caspase activation in whole cells was followed by monitoring the increase in activity against Ac-DEVD-amc following Ionomycin treatment[2]. Ionomycin-mediated cleavage and exosome release. Following Ionomycin exposure, medium conditioned by SKOV3ip cells had increased amounts of exosomes containing the L1-32 cleavage fragment[4].
上海金畔生物科技有限公司 has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
分子量
747.07
Formula
C41H70CaO9
CAS 号
56092-82-1
中文名称
离子霉素钙盐
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
[1]. Liu C,et al. Characterization of ionomycin as a calcium ionophore. J Biol Chem. 1978 Sep 10;253(17):5892-4.
[2]. Chatila T, et al. Mechanisms of T cell activation by the calcium ionophore ionomycin. J Immunol. 1989 Aug 15;143(4):1283-9.
[3]. Gil-Parrado S, et al. Ionomycin-activated calpain triggers apoptosis. A probable role for Bcl-2 family members. J Biol Chem. 2002 Jul 26;277(30):27217-26.
[4]. Stoeck A, et al A role for exosomes in the constitutive and stimulus-induced ectodomain cleavage of L1 and CD44. Biochem J. 2006 Feb 1;393(Pt 3):609-18.